How Knights Added “Under God” to the Pledge
Patriotism and faith compelled Knights to petition U.S. government to make addition in the early 1950s
By Andrew Fowler 7/2/2020
College Knights says the Pledge of Allegiance after the opening benedictions at the College Council Conference, Sep. 22, 2006
The Pledge of Allegiance has undergone several revisions since it was initially written back in 1892 by Baptist minister Francis Bellamy. The last significant change came in 1954 during the midst of the Cold War, when President Dwight Eisenhower signed a congressional resolution adding the words “under God.”
This revision would have never happened without advocacy by the Knights of Columbus.
In a letter thanking the Order, President Eisenhower stated that these words “remind Americans that despite our great physical strength we must remain humble. They will help us to keep constantly in our minds and hearts the spiritual and moral principles which alone give dignity to man, and upon which our way of life is founded.”
The original Pledge had no references to God. However, the Knights personally inserted “under God” into their recitations at the opening of Fourth Degree assembly meetings in 1951. Momentum grew within the Knights to petition the United States Congress to revise the Pledge.
At the time, Supreme Knight Luke Hart was president of the National Fraternal Congress of America, which adopted “under God” into its own Pledge recitations in 1952. From that year until 1954, the Supreme Council repeatedly sent copies of their resolutions to members of Congress, U.S. senators, Vice President Richard Nixon and President Eisenhower.
The appeals received generally positive feedback, with Rep. Louis C. Rabaut of Michigan introducing one of 17 eventual congressional resolutions to officially add “under God.” Significant support for the movement grew when Presbyterian minister George Docherty preached about the words, saying, “To omit the words ‘under God’ in the Pledge of Allegiance is to omit the definitive character of the American way of life.” President Eisenhower was in attendance and heard the sermon.
The congressional resolution was adopted by the House and Senate, and President Eisenhower signed it on June 14, 1954. Several years later, St. John XXIII “expressed his gratification” to the Knights of Columbus for their advocacy because “some 30 million children, at the beginning of each school day, acknowledged the existence of God and their dependence upon Divine Providence.”